As early as the 1970s, the GaP, GaAsP same knot red, yellow and green light-emitting low-efficiency LED lights have been used in the beginning, digital display and text. Since then entered the multi-LED applications, including aerospace, aircraft, automotive, industrial applications, communications, consumer products, across all sectors of the national economy and tens of thousands of households. By 1996, LED sales in the world has reached billions of dollars. Despite the years has been LED color and light-emitting efficiency, but because of GaP and GaAsP LED has a long life, high reliability, small current, with TTL, CMOS digital circuits and many other advantages of compatible and therefore it has been a user of the Green Squint. The last decade, high-brightness, of full color LED has been the materials and devices for cutting-edge technology research topics. Ultra-high brightness (UHB) is the luminous intensity of 100mcd meet or exceed the LED, also known as the candela (cd) level LED. A1GaInP high-brightness InGaN LED and development have progressed very rapidly and has now reached conventional materials GaA1As, GaAsP, GaP can not reach the level of performance. Toshiba Japan in 1991 and the United States for the development of HP's InGaA1P 620nm orange ultra-high brightness LED, 1992 years InGaA1p590nm yellow ultra-high brightness LED-based utility. In the same year, Toshiba developed InGaA1P 573nm yellow-green ultra-high brightness LED, to light up to law 2cd. Japan in 1994 Nichia Corporation for the development of blue InGaN 450nm (green) color super-high brightness LED. At this point, color display required for the three primary colors red, green, blue and orange, yellow multi-color LED's have reached the level of luminous intensity candela, to achieve a super high brightness, full color, LED so that outdoor all - Color display a reality. China started the development of LED in the 1970s, the property sector in the 1980s. About 100 enterprises, 95% of manufacturers are engaged in post-production package Road, needed to die, almost all imported. Through a number of "Five-Year Plan" of the technical, technological research, the introduction of foreign advanced equipment and some of the key technologies so that our production of LED technology has been a step forward.

  Second, ultra high brightness LED performance:
  A1GaAsLED with ultra-high brightness red GaAsP-GaP LED compared with a higher luminous efficiency and transparency of low contrast (TS) A1GaAs LED (640nm) of the lumens efficiency have been close to 10lm / w, than the red GaAsP-GaP LED big 10 Times. InGaAlP LED to provide ultra-high brightness and color GaAsP-GaP LED the same: green yellow (560nm), yellow light green (570nm), yellow (585nm), yellow (590nm), orange (605nm), Qian Hong (625nm dark red (640nm). Transparent substrate A1GaInP LED and other light-emitting efficiency of the LED light source structure and the white heat of the comparison, InGaAlP LED substrate absorption (AS) lumens of the efficiency of 101m / w, transparent substrate (TS) for the 201m / w, in the 590 -626nm wavelength range than the GaAsP-GaP LED lumens of 10-20 times higher efficiency; in the wavelength range of 560-570 than GaAsP-GaP LED higher than 2-4 times. InGaN LED to provide ultra-high brightness of the blue Light green and light blue for the wavelength range 450-480nm, blue green to 500nm, green for the 520nm; lumens efficiency for its 3-151m / w. Ultra High Brightness LED current lumens efficiency have been more than a band filter Incandescent can replacing 1w power within the incandescent, and LED arrays can be used to replace the power within the 150w incandescent. For many applications, and are based on the incandescent filter to be red, orange, green and blue, and Using ultra-high brightness LED can be the same color. AlGaInP material in recent years, and InGaN materials will be a number of ultra-high brightness LED (red, blue, green) ultra-high brightness LED chips together, do not filter can be A variety of colors. Including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, currently have more than its light-emitting efficiency of incandescent and fluorescent lamps are close to. Brightness light-emitting higher than 1000mcd, all-weather outdoor meet, the need for full color display with LED Large-screen color can be expressed in the sky and the sea, the realization of three-dimensional animation. A new generation of red, green, blue ultra-high brightness LED reached an unprecedented performance.

  three, ultra-high brightness LED applications:
  1. Information light
  vehicle signal instructions: car lights in the car outside the main direction of the lights, taillights and brake lights; in cars within the main instrument is a variety of lighting and display. Ultra High Brightness LED indicator light for the car compared with the traditional incandescent There are many advantages in the automotive industry has a broad market. LED can withstand strong mechanical shock and vibration. MTBF than the average working life of several order of magnitude higher than incandescent bulbs, which is far higher than the working life of the vehicle itself, the LED brake lights can be packaged as a whole, without having to consider maintenance. Al.GaAs and transparent substrate AlInGaP LED and incandescent bulbs with the filter as compared with a very high lumen efficiency, this LED brake lights and turn signals will be able to lower the current drive to work, a typical drive current of only The incandescent 1 / 4, which reduces the vehicle for driving distance. Low-power electric car can reduce the internal circuits of the system volume and weight, but can also reduce the integrated LED lights in the internal temperature rise, the housing and lens allow the use of low-temperature performance plastics. LED brake light of the response time of 100ns, incandescent than the short response time, thus leaving more to the driver's reaction time, resulting in improved traffic safety guarantee. Car outside the illumination of light and color are clearly defined. The auto show, although the internal lighting is not as subject to an external signal to control the government, but the auto maker of LED illumination and color is required. GaP LED has long been used to the car, ultra-high brightness AlGaInP and InGaN LED illumination because of the color and can meet the requirements of the manufacturer, which will replace the car more incandescent. From the point of view the price, although compared to incandescent lamps with LED lights or the more expensive, but the entire system, both the price and no significant difference. With the ultra-high brightness AlGaInP LED and TS AlGaAs practical development in recent years the price has been reduced in the future to reduce the rate will be greater.

  traffic signal instructions: Ultra High Brightness LED to replace incandescent lamps for traffic lights, warning lights, lights all over the world now, the broad market, the demand for fast growth. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation statistics in 1994, the United States to install traffic lights there are at the crossroads of 260,000, each of the crossroads at least 12 red, yellow, blue and green lights. There are many crossroads additional changes across the road signs and pedestrian crossing warning lights. In this way, each have 20 lights at a crossroads, but also light-emitting at the same time. This can be estimated more about the National 135,000,000 traffic lights. At present, ultra-high brightness LED used to replace traditional incandescent lights to reduce power losses achieved remarkable results. Japan every year in traffic lights on the power consumption of about 1,000,000 kilowatts, using ultra-high brightness LED to replace the incandescent lamp, its power consumption is only 12% of the original.




  traffic lights authorities of each country must formulate appropriate norms to provide the color signal, the lowest intensity lighting, space Distribution of the beam pattern and the installation of environmental requirements. Despite these requirements are based on the preparation of the incandescent lamp, but the current ultra-high brightness LED traffic lights is applicable. LED traffic lights with incandescent, a longer working life, generally up to 10 years, taking into account the environmental impact of outdoor poor, life expectancy is expected to be reduced to 5-6 years. At present, ultra-high brightness AlGaInP red, orange, yellow LED has been the realization of industrialization, prices were relatively cheap, if the red component of the ultra-high brightness LED modules to replace the traditional red incandescent traffic signal will be the first incandescent red as a result of failure to all of a sudden The impact of low security to the minimum. General LED traffic signal modules from a number of groups in series of single-LED lights, 12-inch red LED traffic signal modules, for example, in the 3-9 group in series of single-LED lights, each series of single-LED lights for a few 70 -- 75 (a total of 210-675LED single lamp), when a single LED lamp failure, it only affects a set of signals, the rest of the group was reduced to 2 / 3 (67%) or 8 / 9 (89% ), And will not be as incandescent as the entire first signal failure.
  LED traffic signal module is the main problem appears to be making referrals still higher, 12-inch TS-AlGaAs red LED traffic signal modules, for example, was first used in 1994, which cost $ 350, while the 1996 performance 12 of the good Sino-British AlGaInP LED traffic signal module, the cost is $ 200. Is expected in the future will not be long, InGaN blue and green LED traffic signal modules prices will be compared with the AlGaInP. White heat of the first traffic light, low cost, power consumption, a 12-inch diameter, the white heat of the first traffic signal that the power consumption of 150W, crossing the road on the sidewalk traffic lights warning that the power consumption of 67W, it has been calculated that every crossroads Light of incandescence of the annual power consumption of 18133KWh, equivalent to $ 1,450 per year for electricity; however, LED traffic signals are very low power modules, each 8-12 inch red LED traffic signal modules were Power 15W and 20W, at the crossroads Bend the arrow switch LED signs can be shown that the only power 9w, it has been calculated that each year a crossroads power 9916KWh, quite $ 793 a year to save electricity. Each LED traffic signal module, the average cost of $ 200 dollars, the red LED traffic signal modules in just his savings in electricity, 3 years after the initial recovery of the costs and continue to be the beginning of economic returns. Therefore, the current traffic information AlGaInP LED modules, despite the cost to appear, but from the long, or cost-effective.
  2. Large-screen display
  large-screen display is ultra-high brightness LED application of another huge market, including: graphics, text, monochrome figures, two-color and full color display. In Table 2 lists the LED display a variety of purposes. Traditional big screen showed active use of incandescent general, optical fiber, such as cathode ray tubes; passive display over the general use of a license. Table 3 lists the performance of several of the show. LED display LED itself has been subject to performance and color. Today, ultra-high brightness AlGaInP, TS-AlGaAs, InGaN LED has been able to provide a bright red, yellow, green, blue colors, can be fully satisfied to achieve full color display screen. LED display pixel size can be assembled into a variety of structures, generally smaller than the diameter of small pixels 5mm, each pixel monochrome display of a T-1 (3 / 4) of LED lights, dual-color display for each pixel The two-color T-1 (3 / 4) of LED lights, full color display is required 3 T-1 red, green and blue lights, or a multi-chip assembly of the T-1 (3 / 4) of LED lights As a pixel. Large pixel is put through a number of T-1 (3 / 4) red, green and blue LED lights posed together. With InGaN (480nm) blue, InGaN (515nm) and green ALGaAS (637nm) as a red LED light LED display of the three primary colors, can provide realistic performance full color, and have a greater range of colors: blue, green and red , And the International Television Systems Committee (NTSC) television color of the scope of the provisions of the basic line.
 3. Liquid crystal display (LCD) back lighting
  in the liquid crystal display at least 10% of the active use of light as a back lighting, LCD display allows light the darkness of the environment, easy-to-read, full color LCD display also needs light. LCD back lighting required for the main light source: incandescent bulbs, EL, cold cathode fluorescent, LED, and so on, they are shown in Table 4 for comparison, LCD back in the LED lighting in the most competitive, a new type of ultra-high brightness AlGaInP, AlGaAs, InGaN LED can provide an efficient light-emitting and a wide range of colors.
  LED back lighting for LCD There are three main ways. (1) The simplest is to direct LED lights installed in the film scattered at the back LCD can be used in many packaged LED lights, they should have a very wide beam angle, so that the axial light uniformity better. Also can not die of the package, which tends to be used GaP LED, however, with AlGaInP, TS-AlGaAs LED may be small in the current work, to reduce power consumption. (2) Another way is to light the edge of LCD back lighting, with a transparent or translucent plastic rectangular block as a light guide, directly by scattering LCD mounted on the back of the membrane, plastic block painted white reflective surface material , LED light from the plastic into the side of a block, the rest of the side in order to make a white reflective materials. (3) will be issued by the LED light beam into optical fiber, optical beam scattering of the membrane behind a flat sheet, you can use different methods to thin out from the light as LCD back lighting. Use of LED lighting in the back as liquid crystal displays for mobile phones, notebook computers, along with a small liquid crystal display in the power-communications products widely used for ultra-high brightness LED will be greater.
  4. Solid as light
  ultra-high brightness LED full color of practical use and commercialization, so that the lighting technology is facing a new revolution, a number of ultra-high brightness red, blue and green LED lights are made of solid, not only can be issued by the wavelength in a row Adjustable range of light, but also issued a brightness of up to one hundred to a few dozen candlelight white light sources into lighting. Recently, the Japanese company Nichia InGaN use of its Blu-ray fluorescence and LED technology, has introduced a solid white light-emitting device, its color temperature is 6500K, the effective rate was 7.5 lumens per watt. For the same brightness of incandescent and solid LED lights that the latter's power consumption only accounts for 10% of the former -20% of the incandescent lamp life in general is not more than 2000 hours, and the LED lights up to tens of thousands of hours of life. This small and light, good direction, energy saving, long life, resistant to all kinds of bad conditions of the solid light source is bound to the traditional source market. Despite the new lighting of the cost of solid light source is still high, but can be used in some special occasions, such as mining, diving, rescue, military installations such as lighting. In the long run, if the ultra-high brightness LED production scale expanded further, to further reduce costs, and its energy-saving advantages of long-lived enough to make up for its high price disadvantage. Ultra High Brightness LED will likely be a very competitive new type of electric light sources.


Reference link: http://www.17led.com/LEDdisplay/2008-03/5p2.html